Course Listing For FORS

FORS 3010-3010L. Dendrology. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 4 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: DENDROLOGY.
Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 1108-1108L.
Identification, classification, silvical characteristics and distribution of trees, shrubs, and other plants of importance to the management of forest resources.
Offered fall and spring semesters every year.

FORS 3500. Wood Properties and Utilization. 2 hours.
Oasis Title: WOOD PROP & UTIL.
Prerequisite: (Enrollment in Professional Program of WSFR).
Major uses of wood, characteristics of major wood products, processes involved in their manufacture and marketing, and properties of the wood raw material affecting its quality and use.
Offered fall semester every year.

FORS 3610-3610L. Forest Biometrics. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: FOREST BIOMETRICS.
Corequisite: FANR 3000-3000L.
Basic parametric statistical methods and concepts, including linear models, sample survey design and analysis, and applications to problems in forest resources. Analysis of forest resources data using standard statistical software.
Not offered on a regular basis.

(FORS)WASR 4000/6000-4000L/6000L. Forest Soil Management. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 3 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: FOR SOIL MANAGEMENT.
Undergraduate prerequisite: CRSS 3050-3050L or CRSS(FORS) 3060-3060L or CRSS(FANR) 3060-3060L.
Undergraduate corequisite: FORS 4010-4010L.
Morphological, physical, and chemical soil properties affecting tree growth and forest productivity; evaluation of soils and site quality; preparation of forest sites for planting, diagnosis, and correction of nutrient limitations; use of forest soil systems for waste treatment.
Non-traditional format: One Friday and one Friday-Saturday field trip are required.
Offered spring semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 4010-4010L. Silviculture. 4 hours. 3 hours lecture and 5 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: SILVICULTURE.
Prerequisite: (FORS 3000-3000L or FANR 3000-3000L) and (FORS 3020-3020L or FANR 3200-3200L).
Theory and techniques of controlling regeneration, density, species composition, health, and quality of forest stands. Treatments studied include seeding and planting of tree species; thinning and regeneration cuts; and appropriate use of fire, pesticides, and fertilizers.
Offered fall and spring semesters every year.

FORS 4020/6020. Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: GENET & BREED TREES.
Undergraduate prerequisite: BIOL 1108-1108L.
Genetic variation in forest trees; harnessing natural variation and creating new variation to meet breeding objectives; biological and economic consequences of tree domestication; conservation of genetic resources.
Not offered on a regular basis.

FORS 4030/6030. Regional Silviculture. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: REGION SILVICULTURE.
Undergraduate prerequisite: FORS 4010-4010L.
Silviculture is the art and science of controlling the establishment, growth, composition, health, and quality of forests to meet diverse needs and values of landowners and society. This course will focus on silvicultural systems and practices used on commercially important forest and stand types in the United States and worldwide. Artificial and naturally regenerated silvicultural systems will be covered. We will survey silviculture as practiced in boreal, temperate, sub-tropical and tropical regions.
Offered fall semester every even-numbered year.

(FORS)WASR 4110/6110-4110L/6110L. Forest Hydrology. 4 hours. 3 hours lecture and 3 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: FOREST HYDROLOGY.
Undergraduate prerequisite: ENGR 3410 or CRSS(FORS) 3060-3060L or CRSS(FANR) 3060-3060L or GEOL 4220/6220 or GEOG 4030/6030 or ECOL 3520 or CRSS 3050-3050L or CRSS 4600/6600-4600L/6600L.
Multidisciplinary examination of the terrestrial components of the hydrologic cycle focusing on the qualitative analysis of precipitation, snowmelt, runoff generation, routing, infiltration, and subsurface flow and transport. Emphasis is on the definition of hydrologic processes, identification of hydrologic resources, development of environmental monitoring techniques, and application to hydrologic resources management.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 4200/6200-4200L/6200L. International Forest Business. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: INT FORS BUS.
An overview of existing forest resources, their management and utilization throughout the world's major forest regions. Introduction to the issues of globalization, trade, exchange rates, and foreign direct investment.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 4210/6210. Forest Health and Protection. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: FOREST HEALTH.
Undergraduate prerequisite: (BIOL 1104 and BIOL 1104L) or (BIOL 1108-1108L) or (PBIO 1210 and PBIO 1210L) or (PBIO 1220 and PBIO 1220L).
Major insect and disease problems of forests, with an emphasis on their recognition and management. Forest fire prevention, detection, suppression and management.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS(ECOL)(GEOG) 4250/6250. International Forest Management. 1-6 hours. Repeatable for maximum 10 hours credit.
Oasis Title: INTERNL FOREST MGMT.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Study-abroad to examine issues pertaining to the management of forested landscapes in the visited country. Introductory lectures on the natural and cultural history of the visited country will be followed by extended field examination of the country's forest resources and their management.
Non-traditional format: Combination of lectures and field experiences in a foreign country.
Offered summer semester every year.

(FORS)(ANTH)RLST 4270/6270. Field Studies in Recreation, Tourism, and Leisure. 1-10 hours. Repeatable for maximum 10 hours credit.
Oasis Title: REC RES FIELD STUDY.
Undergraduate prerequisite: Permission of department.
Field studies to explore the provision, management and conservation of recreation, tourism, and leisure resources and opportunities.
Non-traditional format: The course will include extended field experience and a series of lectures combined with seminars, presentations, and/or student projects.
Offered summer semester every year.

FORS 4570L/6570L. Practical Wood Identification. 2 hours. 4 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: PRAC WOOD IDENT LAB.
Identification of domestic and commercial tropical woods.
Offered spring semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 4610/6610-4610L/6610L. Forest Mensuration. 4 hours. 3 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: FOREST MENSURATION.
Undergraduate prerequisite: FORS 3000-3000L or FANR 3000-3000L.
Direct measurement and indirect estimation of primary and secondary forest products. Measures of stand productivity, density, and growth.
Offered fall semester every year.

FORS 4620/6620. Timber Management. 4 hours. 3 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: TIMBER MANAGEMENT.
Undergraduate prerequisite: FORS 4610/6610-4610L/6610L.
Graduate prerequisite: Permission of school.
Organization and management of forest properties for the production of commercial forest products.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 4640/6640. Forest Inventory. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: FOREST INVENTORY.
Undergraduate prerequisite: FORS 4610/6610-4610L/6610L.
Planning forest inventories and comparison of various equal and unequal probability sampling concepts; permanent and temporary forest sampling procedures; current stand and future growth estimation principles.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 4650/6650. Forestry Field Camp. 4 hours.
Oasis Title: FORESTRY FIELD CAMP.
Undergraduate prerequisite: (FORS 3000-3000L or FANR 3000-3000L) and FORS 3010-3010L and (FORS 3020-3020L or FANR 3200-3200L).
The forestry field camp is an off-campus field practicum for students majoring in forestry. Field skills will be demonstrated, practiced, and honed in the forest environment in the areas of applied silviculture, harvesting, and forest inventory. In addition, a series of visits to forest products manufacturing and utilization facilities will provide first-hand knowledge of pulp, paper, solid wood, and engineered forest products and the resources required for their manufacture.
Non-traditional format: The course will be offered over three weeks during the Maymester of summer session. It will meet eight hours per day from Monday-Friday. The course will be held in a field/forest location. There will be one hour of lecture per day (five hours per week) and six hours of field work per day (thirty per week).
Offered summer semester every year.

(FORS)(BCMB)PBIO 4670/6670. Plant Molecular Responses to the Environment. 4 hours.
Oasis Title: PLANT MOL RESP ENV.
Undergraduate prerequisite: BCMB(BIOL)(CHEM) 3100 or BCMB 4010/6010 or BCMB 4020/6020 or permission of department.
Graduate prerequisite: Permission of department.
Molecular and biochemical regulation of plant metabolic pathways activated in response to environmental cues, environmental stress, and interaction with pathogenic and symbiotic organisms. Cell wall formation (primary wall, wood), secondary metabolism (lignin, flavonoids, phenolics), wounding, plant defense (phytoalexins, oxidative burst, hypersensitivity), responses to drought, flooding, salinity, pollutants (heavy metals, ozone).
Offered fall semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 4700/6700-4700L/6700L. Forest Economics. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: FOREST ECONOMICS.
An overview of the application of economic analyses to forest resources. Forest resource professionals will be given a better understanding of the economic factors that influence forest management decisions.
Offered fall semester every year.

FORS 4710/6710-4710L/6710L. Forest Planning. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: FOREST PLANNING.
Undergraduate prerequisite: FORS 3710-3710D or FANR 3300-3300D.
Analysis methods applicable to forest management planning and decision making in forestry. Particular emphasis on optimization procedures and financial analysis.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS(ANTH)(CRSS)(ECOL) 4760. Agroforestry in the Caribbean. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: AGROFORESTRY CARIB.
Exploration of the use of trees in subtropical and tropical agriculture systems. Study of design components and agroforestry practices of Caribbean production systems with consideration of social, economic, and environmental variables.
Non-traditional format: Field-based course for Maymester term with the major portion of learning occuring in field activities (experiential learning). Periodic field trips will take students to visit sites that represent the instructional material.
Offered summer semester every year.

FORS 4850E/6850E. Forest Operations Study Tour. 2 hours.
Oasis Title: FOR STUDY TOUR.
Not open to students with credit in FORS 4850/6850.
Undergraduate prerequisite: FORS 3500 or FORS 4010-4010L or permission of school.
Graduate prerequisite: Permission of school.
On-site examination and analysis of active forestry operations in major wood producing regions of the world, including the southern United States, North America, and other continents. Focus on industrial forestry, including forest management, harvesting, and transportation operations as well as conversion facilities such as pulp/paper mills, sawmills, engineered wood facilities, and other wood-using plants.
Non-traditional format: Class involves a week-long field trip before the beginning of fall semester. Students are expected to pay for room and board.

FORS 4850/6850. Forest Operations Study Tour. 2 hours.
Oasis Title: FOR STUDY TOUR.
Undergraduate prerequisite: FORS 3500 or FORS 4010-4010L or permission of school.
Graduate prerequisite: Permission of school.
On-site examination and analysis of active forestry operations in major wood producing regions of the world, including the southern United States, North America, and other continents. Focus on industrial forestry, including forest management, harvesting, and transportation operations as well as conversion facilities such as pulp/paper mills, sawmills, engineered wood facilities, and other wood-using plants.
Non-traditional format: Class involves a week-long field trip before the beginning of fall semester. Students are expected to pay for room and board.
Offered fall semester every year.

FORS 5010/7010. Urban Tree Management. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: URB TREE MGT.
Undergraduate prerequisite: PBIO 1210-1210L or BIOL 1104 or BIOL 1108-1108L.
Establishment and maintenance of trees in urban environments. Nature and benefits of trees, planting, and soil management; pruning, repair, and protection; stress management; values of urban trees.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 5610/7610. Prescribed Fire in the Forest Ecosystem. 2 hours.
Oasis Title: PRESCRIBED FIRE.
Applications of fire as a tool for forest management, species conservation, and ecosystem restoration in the southeastern coastal plain. Analysis of fuels, weather, and fire behavior. Fire effects on plants, animals, and soils in the longleaf pine ecosystem. Emphasis on field experience with prescribed burns.
Non-traditional format: The course will be taught as an intensive 6-day Maymester class at the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Center in Newton, GA.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 5650/7650-5650L/7650L. Aerial Photogrammetry in Forestry. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 3 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: AIR PHOTOS.
The theory, techniques, and tools applicable to the use of aerial photographs in forest resource management and decision-making.
Offered fall semester every year.

FORS 5660/7660. Forest Science for Teachers. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: FOR SCI FOR TEACHER.
This course is designed for pre-service Agricultural Education teachers. Students will be prepared to teach the approved Forest Science I curriculum. Students will develop technical skills and increase content knowledge through hands-on activities in the classroom and the field. In addition, students will complete Project Learning Tree Educator training.
Offered fall semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 5680/7680. Economic Perspectives on Natural Resource Issues. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: ECON PERSP NATL RES.
Applications of economics to natural resource and environmental decision making. Topics include water, wildlife, forests, fisheries, land-use, sustainability, development, and uncertainty. Emphasis is on practical applications and case studies, stressing the value of interdisciplinary research and decision making.
Non-traditional format: Designed for non-economics majors.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 5720/7720-5720L/7720L. Forest Harvesting and Roads. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 3 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: HARVEST & ROADS.
Undergraduate prerequisite: FORS 3000-3000L or FANR 3000-3000L.
Undergraduate prerequisite or corequisite: FORS 4010-4010L.
Techniques and systems for harvesting and roading forests. Production, cost, quality, safety, and environmental protection measures. Field exercises stress planning of harvesting and road construction operations to achieve desired objectives.
Offered fall semester every year.

FORS 5730/7730. Principles of Forest Management. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: PRINC FOREST MGT.
Undergraduate prerequisite: BIOL 1104 or PBIO 1210-1210L or permission of school.
Practical forestry in the South with emphasis on the management of private forest land. Topics include forest regeneration, tree identification and growth, basic measurements of tree crops. Not open to FRS majors.
Not offered on a regular basis.

FORS 5750/7750. Procurement and Management of Wood Fiber Supply. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: MGT WD FIBER SUPPLY.
Undergraduate prerequisite: (Enrollment in Professional Program of WSFR) or permission of school.
Management of the wood fiber supply, program management functions, legal aspects and analysis of current issues in raw material management.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 5760/7760. Forest Products Marketing. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: FOR PROD MARKETING.
Undergraduate prerequisite: (Enrollment in Professional Program of WSFR) or permission of school.
Planning, organizing, and managing forest products marketing programs, domestically and internationally. Focus on developing marketing strategies and implementation of marketing plans in the context of forest industry structures and distribution channels.
Offered fall semester every year.

(FORS)FANR(FISH)(NRRT)(WASR)(WILD) 5950. Special Topics in Forestry and Natural Resources. 1-4 hours. Repeatable for maximum 12 hours credit.
Oasis Title: SPECIAL TOPICS.
Not open to students with credit in FORS 5930.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Special-interest or experimental courses offered on a one-time basis. Course content will vary with each offering.
Non-traditional format: Lecture/lab hours will be determined by course instructor as appropriate to topic and credit hours assigned.
Not offered on a regular basis.

(FORS)(ANTH)ECOL 6140. Principles of Conservation Ecology and Sustainable Development II. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: CONSERV SUS DEV II.
Prerequisite: ECOL 6080.
Social science dimensions of conservation and sustainable development; social, economic, and political considerations in managing natural resources; policy-level aspects to project implementation.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 6760-6760L. Quantitative Models for Forest Resources Managers. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: MODEL FOR RES.
Prerequisite: STAT 6220 or permission of school.
Model forms used to simulate tree and forest stand development as well as models used to simulate the growth of various wildlife and fish species. Parameter estimation methods and model evaluation included.
Offered spring semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 7070. Forest Resources Consulting and Real Estate Practice. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: FORESTRY CONSULTING.
Prerequisite: Student in WSFR or permission of school.
The establishment and management of forestry, wildlife consulting, and rural real estate practices.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 7550-7550L. Contemporary Forest Products. 3 hours. 2 hours lecture and 2 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: CONTEMP FOREST PROD.
Prerequisite: FORS 3500 or permission of school.
Description of traditional forest products and the processes involved in their manufacture; changes in manufacturing technology and the development of new forest products; relationships between wood properties and forest product properties; rapid methods for assessing wood properties. Three full-day field trips to wood processing plants are required.
Offered fall semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 7630. Intensive Forest Management. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: INTENSIVE FOR MGMT.
Prerequisite: FORS 4010-4010L.
Effects of silvicultural treatments on growth, yield, and product distributions of forest stands. Effects of vegetation management at various points in the life of the stand, fertilization, thinning, pruning, and initial spacing included. Effect magnitude as an objective criterion for management decision making is emphasized.
Offered fall semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 7640. Advanced Forest Management. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: ADVANCED FOR MGMT.
Prerequisite: FORS 4620/6620 or permission of school.
Models for estimating forest yields at different points in time, including models for uneven-aged stands, and thinned stands, and methods for adjusting for effects of cultural treatments. Whole stand and diameter distribution yield models examined.
Offered fall semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 7710. Advanced Forest Economics. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: ADV FOR ECONOMICS.
Prerequisite: ECON 2106.
Prerequisite or corequisite: FORS 4710/6710-4710L/6710L.
Microeconomic and production economics theory with forest resources applications, financial analysis of investments, social benefit-cost analysis.
Offered fall semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 7780. Timberland Accounting, Finance, and Taxation. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: TIMBERLAND ACC.
Timberland accounting, financial analysis of forest products company operations, financial evaluation of timberland investment and forest management decision alternatives, linkages between financial markets and timberland, timber taxation, and strategies involving forest assets in estate planning.
Offered fall semester every year.

FORS 7790. Forest Finance Decisions. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: FOREST FINANCE DEC.
Prerequisite: FORS 7780 or permission of school.
Analysis of forest asset financing, acquisition, management, and disposition decisions from a financial perspective. Development of financial strategies for a forestry operation, timberland portfolio management, asset pricing models and timberland, the behavior and evolution of forest asset markets, timber access options, and entrepreneurship in forestry.
Offered spring semester every year.
FORS(AAEC) 7860. Resource Economics and Management. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: RES ECONOMICS & MGT.
Prerequisite: AAEC 6580-6580L or ECON 8000.
Economic and physical concepts of scarcity, the impact of market and social factors on resource use, and the optimal management of renewable and nonrenewable resources.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 7900. Forest Operations Management and Planning. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: FOR OPER MGT.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
An investigation of issues and techniques in planning, development, and management of forestry business operations. Content is divided into two components: operations strategy formulation and operations strategy implementation. Special emphasis will be placed on the application of advanced quantitative techniques to forestry operations management problems.
Offered spring semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 7980. Forestry Problems. 1-12 hours. Repeatable for maximum 24 hours credit.
Oasis Title: FORESTRY PROBLEMS.
Not open to students with credit in FORS 7982.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Individual student problems pertaining to forestry at the masters level.
Non-traditional format: Formal classes are not held. Faculty assist students as needed.
Offered fall, spring, and summer semesters every year.

FORS 8010. Forest Business Seminar. 1 hour.
Oasis Title: FORS BUS SEMINAR.
Prerequisite: Permission of major or permission of school.
Current and emerging issues in forest business management, including literature review and case presentations. Students will be expected to give brief presentations on assigned topics.
Offered fall semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 8020. Bio-Based Economy Seminar. 1-3 hours.
Oasis Title: BIOECONOMY SEMINAR.
Issues and opportunities associated with generating electric power or producing liquid fuels or other products from biomass. Topics include the economics of bio-based products, potential feedstock sources, alternative conversion processes for energy or fuels, harvesting and handling issues, production cost, and energy balances in alternative systems.
Offered spring semester every year.

FORS 8030. Advanced Tree Physiology. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: ADV TREE PHYSIOL.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Recent research in the processes that directly or indirectly affect carbon gain and allocation, including photosynthesis, respiration, nutrient uptake, water relations, and growth of trees.
Offered spring semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 8040. Current Topics in Forest Biotechnology. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: CUR TOP FOR BIOTECH.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Applications of genetic, biochemical, and physiological principles to forest trees; forest products and organisms affecting forests, including in vitro propagation, genetic engineering, genomic mapping, bioprocessing and biological control of tree pests and pathogens.
Offered spring semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 8050. Forest Stand Dynamics. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: FOR STAND DYNAMICS.
Prerequisite: FORS 4010-4010L or permission of school.
Dynamics of mortality, growth, and biomass allocation in forest stands during the four stages of development (stand initiation, stem exclusion, transition, and old growth) with emphasis on silviculture of southeastern United States forests.
Offered spring semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 8100. Advanced Forest Ecology. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: ADV FOREST ECOLOGY.
Prerequisite: FORS 3020-3020L or FANR 3200-3200L or ECOL(BIOL) 3500-3500L or permission of school.
Factors regulating the structure and function of forest ecosystems, forest energetics, community dynamics, and research methods.
Offered fall semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 8180. Principles of Forest Land Treatment. 2 hours.
Oasis Title: PRIN FOR LAND TRT.
Basic principles for designing forested systems for treatment of municipal and industrial biosolids and wastewater. Hydrologic loading and assimilation/degradation pathways for N, P, metals and organics; methods for determining land-limiting constituents.
Offered spring semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 8360. Quantitative Approaches to Conservation Biology. 4 hours.
Oasis Title: QUANT CON BIOL.
Course format utilizes lectures, discussions of journal articles, and computer simulation exercises (including model selection/analysis) to explore new quantitative approaches to conservation biology. Topics include habitat selection theory, landscape ecology, and population viability analysis. Students should have previous courses in ecology and statistics.
Offered fall semester every year.

FORS 8450. Advanced Forest Planning. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: ADV FOREST PLANNING.
This course is designed to provide students with the theory, techniques, and tools associated with the most common, and more recently introduced, operations research techniques used in developing forest plans.
Offered fall semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 8480. Quantitative Modeling of Forest Stands. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: QUANT MODELS FOREST.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Application of statistical and mathematical modeling concepts along with computer technology to develop models of forest tree and stand growth and yield. Formulation of mathematical models with proper biological behavior and estimation of parameters using compatible growth and yield structures and systems fitting methods.
Offered fall semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 8490. Sampling Techniques for Biological Populations. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: SAMP TECH BIO POP.
Prerequisite: [STAT 4240/6240 and STAT 4510/6510] or permission of school.
Theory of probability sampling procedures for populations of interest to forest resource managers.
Offered fall semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS(PARA) 8500-8500L. Diseases of Wildlife I. 5 hours. 3 hours lecture and 6 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: WILDLIFE DISEASES.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Prerequisite or corequisite: FORS(IDIS) 8510-8510L.
Fundamental causes of disease-induced morbidity and mortality among free-ranging wildlife populations. Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, lesions, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management significance of diseases produced by viral and microbial pathogens.
Offered summer semester every year.

FORS(IDIS) 8510-8510L. Diseases of Wildlife II. 5 hours. 3 hours lecture and 6 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: WILDLIFE DISEASES.
Not open to students with credit in PARA 8510-8510L.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Prerequisite or corequisite: FORS(IDIS) 8500-8500L.
Fundamental causes of disease-induced morbidity and mortality among free-ranging wildlife populations. Emphasis is on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, lesions, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management significance of diseases of parasitic, toxicologic, or miscellaneous etiologies.
Offered summer semester every year.

(FORS)(ECOL)PBIO 8770. Communities and Ecosystems. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: COMM & ECO OF WORLD.
Not open to students with credit in BTNY 8770.
Advanced synthesis of physiological, population, community, and ecosystem studies in the major terrestrial plant associations of the world.
Offered spring semester every even-numbered year.

FORS 8780. Issues in Timberland Finance and Management. 3 hours.
Oasis Title: ISS TIM FIN & MGT.
Prerequisite: FORS 7780.
Current and emerging issues in financing and managing timberland properties. Valuation, risk analysis, and forms of timberland control, at domestic and international levels.
Not offered on a regular basis.

(FORS)(CRSS)(ECOL)PBIO 8850-8850L. Terrestrial Biogeochemical Cycling. 4 hours. 2 hours lecture and 4 hours lab per week.
Oasis Title: TERR BIOGECHEM CYCL.
Not open to students with credit in BTNY 8850-8850L.
Prerequisite: ECOL(BIOL) 3500-3500L or STAT 4210 or STAT 4220.
Plant processes which mediate biogeochemical cycling on land. Includes survey of global element cycling, functions of essential elements, element acquisition, translocation and loss by plants, litter decomposition, and methods of estimating standing stocks of elements in and transfer rates of elements between ecosystem components.
Offered spring semester every odd-numbered year.

FORS 8980. Forestry Problems. 1-12 hours. Repeatable for maximum 36 hours credit.
Oasis Title: FORESTRY PROBLEMS.
Not open to students with credit in FORS 8982.
Prerequisite: Permission of school.
Individual student problems pertaining to forestry at the doctoral level.
Non-traditional format: Formal classes are not held. Faculty assist students as needed.
Offered fall, spring, and summer semesters every year.